摘要目的 探讨妊娠早期医学营养干预在血糖高危孕妇中的应用效果。方法 选取2016年10月～2017年10月我院收治的80 例血糖高危孕妇作为研究对象进行回顾性分析，根据干预方式的不同将其分为研究组和对照组，每组各40 例。对照组孕妇实施常规干预方式，研究组孕妇实施妊娠早期医学营养干预。比较两组孕妇干预前后的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h 血糖（2 h PG）水平，以及孕妇妊娠并发症和新生儿不良结局的发生情况。结果 干预前，两组孕妇的HbA1c、FPG、2 h PG 水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；干预后，研究组孕妇的HbA1c 水平低于本组干预前，且两组孕妇的FPG、2 h PG 水平均低于本组干预前，研究组孕妇的HbA1c、FPG、2 h PG 水平均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；对照组孕妇干预后的HbA1c 水平与本组干预前比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组孕妇的羊水过多发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；研究组孕妇的妊娠期糖尿病发生率、剖宫产率、早产率、产后出血发生率、妊娠高血压发生率均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。研究组新生儿不良结局总发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 在妊娠早期对血糖高危孕妇进行医学营养干预，能够有效控制血糖，降低妊娠期并发症发生率，值得应用推广。
Abstract：Objective To explore the application effect of medical nutrition intervention in early pregnancy on pregnant women with high blood glucose risk.Methods From October 2016 to October 2017,80 pregnant women with high blood glucose risk admitted to our hospital were selected as the research objects for retrospective analysis.They were divided into study group and control group according to different intervention methods,with 40 cases in each group.Pregnant women in the control group received routine intervention,while pregnant women in the study group received medical nutrition intervention in early pregnancy.The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting blood glucose (FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG) levels before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups of pregnant women,as well as the occurrence of pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal outcomes.Results Before the intervention,there were no significant difference in HbA1c,FPG and 2 h PG levels between the two groups (P＜0.05).After the intervention,the HbA1c level of pregnant women in the study group was lower than that before the intervention,and the FPG and 2 h PG levels of pregnant women in the two groups were lower than those before the intervention.The HbA1c,FPG and 2 h PG levels of pregnant women in the study group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The HbA1c level of pregnant women in the control group after intervention was not significantly different from that before intervention (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of polyhydramnios between the two groups (P＞0.05).The incidence rates of gestational diabetes mellitus,cesarean section,premature delivery,postpartum hemorrhage and pregnancy hypertension in the study group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Medical nutrition intervention for pregnant women with high blood glucose risk in early pregnancy can effectively control blood sugar and reduce the incidence of complications during pregnancy,which is worthy of application and promotion.
孔官妹； 邓瑜； 林进； 黄苇； 陈丽娟. 妊娠早期医学营养干预在血糖高危孕妇中的应用效果[J]. 中国当代医药, 2020, 27(1): 131-134.
KONG Guan-mei； DENG Yu ； LIN Jin； HUANG Wei； CHEN Li-juan. Application effect of medical nutrition intervention in early pregnancy on pregnant women with high blood glucose risk. 中国当代医药, 2020, 27(1): 131-134.
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