849名医院放射工作人员肝肾功能状况调查

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摘要目的分析福建省部分医疗机构放射工作人员的肝肾功能的检查情况，探讨低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员肝肾功能的影响。方法选取2017年8月～2018年2月在福建省职业病防治院职业健康体检的体检人员作为研究对象，按照职业史分为观察组（849名医院放射工作人员）和对照组（同时期非射线接触健康体检人员398 名）。两组均空腹采血于同一自动生化仪上检测肝肾功能，并对检测结果进行比较。结果观察组谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（CR）水平均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组按性别分组比较，男性ALT、GGT、BUN、CR 水平高于同组女性，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组按年龄分为四组，各年龄组GGT、BUN 水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；其中年龄41～<51 岁组与≥51 岁组的GGT 水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），其余组别两两比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；年龄31～<41 岁组与41～<51 岁组、41～<51 岁组与≥51 岁组的BUN 水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；其余两两比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；各年龄组ALT、CR 水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组按工龄分成四组，各工龄组GGT、BUN、CR 水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；工龄<11年组与其他三组的GGT 水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；工龄<11年组与21～<30年组、≥30年组的BUN 水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；工龄<11年组与11～<21年工龄组、≥30年工龄组的CR 水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；其余组别两两比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；各工龄组ALT 水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；GGT、BUN 水平随着年龄和工龄增长而逐渐增高。不同工种的肝肾功能比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；介入放射组ALT、GGT 水平高于其他三组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；放射诊断组BUN 水平低于放射治疗组和介入放射组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；放射诊断组CR 水平低于其他三组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；其余组别两两比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论长期低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员肝肾功能有一定损伤。GGT、BUN 水平随着年龄和工龄增长而逐渐增高，呈累积性效应。放射工作人员应当增强放射防护意识，加强科学防护措施，降低放射性损伤。

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	叶淑敏
	刘莉

关键词 ：放射工作人员, 肝肾功能, 谷丙转氨酶, 谷氨酰转肽酶, 尿素氮, 肌酐

Abstract：Objective To analyze the liver and kidney function examination of radiation staff in some medical institutions in Fujian Province,and to explore the effect of low-dose ionized radiation on liver and kidney function of radiation staff.Methods The physical examination personnel in the Fujian Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital in August 2017 to February 2018 were selected as the research subjects,and divided into the observation group(849 hospital radiation staff)and the control group(398 non radiation exposed health examination personnel of the same period)according to the occupational history.Blood samples were collected on an automatic biochemical analyzer to detect the liver and kidney functions of the two groups,and the results were compared.Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and creatinine(CR)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)in the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).According to gender,the levels of ALT,GGT,BUN and CR in the observation group of male were higher than those in the same group of female,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The observation group was divided into four groups according to the age,the GGT,BUN levels were compared among each age groups,with statistical differences(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in GGT level between the age 41-<51 years group and the age ≥51 years group(P>0.05),while the other groups were compared in pairs,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant of BUN levels between the age 31-<41 years group and the age 41-<51 years group,and no statistically significant of BUN levels between the age 41-<51 years group and the age 41-<51 years group(P>0.05);while the other groups were compared in pairs,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the ALT,CR levels were compared among each age groups,with no statistical differences(P>0.05).The observation group was divided into four groups according to the seniority period,the GGT,BUN,CR levels were compared among each age groups,with statistical differences(P<0.05);the GGT levels between the seniority period <11 years group with other three groups were compared,with statistical differences(P<0.05);the BUN levels between the seniority period <11 years group with the seniority period 21-<30 years group were compared,and the BUN levels between the seniority period <11 years group with the seniority period ≥30 years group were compared,with statistical differences(P<0.05);the CR levels between the seniority period <11 years group with the seniority period 11-<21 years group were compared,and the CR levels between the seniority period <11 years group with the seniority period ≥30 years group were compared,with statistical differences(P<0.05);while the other groups were compared in pairs,there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05);and GGT,BUN levels gradually increase with age and seniority.The liver and kidney functions of different types of work were compared,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the ALT and GGT levels of the interventional radiation group was higher than the other three groups,with statistical differences(P<0.05);the BUN levels of the radioactive diagnostic group was lower than the radiation group and the interventional radiation group,with statistical differences(P<0.05);the CR levels of the radioactive diagnostic group was lower than the other three groups,with statistical differences(P<0.05);while the other groups were compared in pairs,there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Long-term low-dose ionization radiation has a certain damage to the liver and kidney function of radiation workers.GGT and BUN levels increase with age and service with a cumulative effect.The radioactive staff should enhance the awareness of radiation protection,strengthen scientific protection measures,and reduce radioactive damage.

Key words： Radiation workers Liver and kidney function Alanine aminotransferase Glutamyl transpeptidase Urea nitrogen Creatinine

引用本文:

叶淑敏; 刘莉. 849名医院放射工作人员肝肾功能状况调查[J]. 中国当代医药, 2021, 28(18): 168-172.
YE Shu-min; LIU Li. Investigation on liver and kidney function of 849 radiation workers in hospital. 中国当代医药, 2021, 28(18): 168-172.

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