Objective To analyze the effect of general anesthesia with laryngeal mask ventilation in patients with middle and lower ureteral calculi during surgery.Methods From June 2019 to July 2020,68 patients with middle and lower ureteral calculi admitted to Yingde People′s Hospital of Guangdong Province were selected,all of whom underwent transurethral ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy.They were divided into two groups in 1∶1 ratio by combining the computerized random number table method.The local anesthesia group(34 cases)received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and the laryngeal mask group(34 cases)received general anesthesia with laryngeal mask ventilation.The two groups were compared in terms of anesthetic effect,adverse effects,pain degree([numerical rating scale]NRS)at 6,12 and 24 h after surgery,and hemodynamics indicators(mean arterial pressure[MAP]and heart rate[HR])before anesthesia,10 min of anesthesia and 10 min of surgery.Results The anesthetic effect of the laryngeal mask group was better than that of the local anesthesia group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The NRS scores of the laryngeal mask group were lower than those of the local anesthesia group at 12 h and 24 h after surgery,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The MAP and HR in the laryngeal mask group were higher than those in the local anesthesia group at 10 min of anesthesia and 10 min of surgery,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the laryngeal mask group was 5.88%(2/34),lower than that in the local anesthesia group accounting for 26.47%(9/34),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion General anesthesia with laryngeal mask ventilation can improve the anesthetic effect,reduce the degree of postoperative pain,maintain hemodynamic stability,and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions when used in patients with middle and lower ureteral calculi.