Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical application effect and drug safety of desitabine in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods A total of 92 patients (including 22 cases of MDS and 70 cases of AML) admitted to Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of Nanping City of Fujian Province from March 2017 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided into the study group (46 cases) and the control group (46 cases) according to the drug therapy. The control group was treated with Malfarin combined with Prednisone Acetate, while the control group was treated with Decitabine. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate in the study group(71.74%) was higher than that in the control group (32.61%), and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The incidence of myelosuppression with fever in the study group (60.87%) was higher than that in the control group(21.74%), and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the study group was 13.04% (6/46), the incidence of pulmonary infection was 6.52% (3/46), and the incidence of mild diarrhea was 6.52% (3/46), which showed no statistical significance compared with 4.35% (2/46), 4.35% (2/46), 2.17% (1/46) in the control group (P＞0.05). Conclusion Decitabine treatment of MDS and AML has certain clinical efficacy and high clinical application value, but it may increase the risk of myelosuppression to some extent.
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