Objective To investigate the effect of different root canal filling levels in patients with acute pulpitis during root canal therapy.Methods A total of 84 patients with acute pulpitis who underwent root canal therapy in Shanghai Hospital of Wanzhou District in Chongqing City from March 2019 to April 2020 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into control group (n=42) and observation group (n=42) by random number table method.In the control group, root canal underfilling was used, and in the observation group, proper root canal filling was adopted.The treatment effect and quality of life scores of the two groups were compared.Results The total effectiveness rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in the quality of life scale (SF-36) score between the two groups (P＞0.05).After treatment, the scores of physical function, physical function, physical pain, vitality, social function, emotional function, mental health and overall health in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, with statistical significance (P＜0.05).After treatment, the scores of physical function, physical function, physical pain, vitality, social function, emotional function, mental health and overall health in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion When patients with acute pulpitis undergoing root canal therapy, they must choose an appropriate amount of filling in order to ensure the clinical treatment effect, thereby improving the quality of life of the patients.Appropriate filling in root canal therapy has a positive effect on the prognosis of patients, which is worthy of popularization and application.