Abstract：Objective To explore the application situation of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation（NPPV）in acute respiratory failure in ICU.Methods 1254 patients with acute respiratory failure treated in ICU in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.Patients in the two groups was given NPPV first-line therapy and invasive ventilation first-line therapy respectively.The situation of treatment in the two groups was evaluated.Results The SAPSⅡscore of patients given NPPV first-line therapy was lower than that of patients given invasive ventilation first-line therapy，with significant difference（P＜0.01）.The disease patterns of patients given NPPV first-line therapy were mainly AECOPD（47.95%）and ACPE（15.78%），and the proportion of patients was increased yearly from 2011 to 2014，namely 12.09%，27.87%，28.89%，and 31.15%respectively.The success rate of NPPV first-line therapy was 40.16%.The age of the NPPV treatment success group was less than that of the failure group，the time in ICU and hospital stay time in the NPPV treatment success group was shorter than that in the failure group，with significant difference （P＜0.05）.The SAPSⅡ score in the NPPV treatment success group was higher than that in the failure group，with significant difference （P＜0.01）.The proportion of patients of AECOPD，ACPE and postoperative respiratory failure in the NPPV treatment success group was higher than that in the failure group，the proportion of pneumonia and ALI/ARDS patients in the NPPV treatment success group was lower than that in the failure group，with significant difference （P＜0.05）.Conclusion In ICU of grade-3 and the first-class general hospitals，the total proportion of NPPV in the treatment of acute respiratory failure is low，but increased year by year.AECOPD and ACPE are common patterns of disease and are relative to the success rate of NPPV treatment.NPPV can shorten the time in ICU and hospital stay of patients.
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