ObjectiveTo analyze the application effect of platelet antibody screening technique in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)and aplastic anemia (AA).MethodsA total of 480 cases with AA,ITP patients and healthy subjects from February 2014 to August 2016 in our hospital were selected.Blood cell analyzer and platelet antibody(PA IgG)screening were used to compare the results of PA IgG in each group,and the relationship between AA and ITP and platelet transfusion refractoriness was evaluated.ResultsThe positive rate of PA IgG in the ITP group(63.0%)was higher than that in the AA group(35.7%),with significant difference(P＜0.05).The ineffective rate of platelet transfusion of PA IgG positive patients in the AA group was 71.1%,which was higher than 13.6%of negative patients,with significant difference(P＜0.05).The ineffective rate of platelet transfusion of PA IgG positive patients in the ITP group was 64.4%,which was higher than 23.0%of negative patients,with significant difference(P＜0.05).The ineffective rate of platelet transfusion in the AA group with PA IgG positive matching patients was 19.0%,which was lower than 100.0%of patients without matching type,with significant difference(P＜0.05).The ineffective rate of platelet transfusion in the ITP group with PA IgG positive matching patients was 11.1%,which was lower than 100.0%of patients without matching type,with significant difference (P＜0.05).ConclusionPlatelet matching can improve the clinical infusion effect.Platelet antibody screening can provide reference for the differential diagnosis of AA and ITP.