Objective To investigate the effect of transurethral resection in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Methods A total of 54 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer admitted to the Fifth People′s Hospital of Liaoyang City from June 2018 to August 2019 were selected as the research objects and were divided into the control group (27 cases) and the observation group (27 cases) according to the dynamic random grouping method.The control group was treated with radical cystectomy, and the observation group was treated with transurethral resection.The operation index, quality of life and postoperative recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time and hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, the intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group, the Karnofsky functional status (KPS)score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05); the recurrence rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Transurethral resection for muscle-invasive bladder cancer has a significant effect, which can not only improve the surgical indicators, but also improve the quality of life of patients and significantly reduce the recurrence rate, so it is suitable for clinical implementation and development.