目的 探讨一日病房管理在妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2017年6月～2019年12月大连市妇幼保健院治疗的86例GDM患者的临床资料，根据护理方法的不同分为对照组（42例）和观察组（44）例。对照组进行常规护理干预，观察组进行一日病房管理干预。比较两组入院时、产后1个月的空腹血糖、餐后2 h 血糖水平、自我效能及不良妊娠结局。结果 两组产后1个月的空腹血糖及餐后2 h 血糖水平低于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；两组产后1个月的空腹血糖水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；观察组产后1个月的餐后2 h 血糖水平低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；两组产后1个月的一般自我效能感量表（GSES）评分高于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组产后1个月的GSES评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组的不良妊娠结局总发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 采用一日病房管理法对GDM患者进行干预，可有效控制患者餐后血糖，提升患者自我效能，改善不良妊娠结局，具有较好的干预效果，值得临床推广。
Objective To investigate the application effect of one-day ward management in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods The clinical data of 86 patients with GDM who were treated in Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Liaoning Province from June 2017 to December 2019 was retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into the control group (42 cases) and the observation group (44 cases) according to nursing methods.The control group was given routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given one-day ward management intervention.The fasting blood glucose at admission,1 month after delivery and the blood glucose level 2 h after meal and self-efficacy and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results The fasting blood glucose 1 month after delivery and the blood glucose 2 h after meal in the two groups were lower than that at admission,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);the fasting blood glucose level in the two groups 1 month after delivery was compared,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The blood glucose 2 h after meal of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The general self-efficacy scale (GSES) scores of the two groups 1 month after delivery were higher than those at admission,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);the GSES score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group 1 month after delivery,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The one-day ward management method is used to intervene in patients with GDM,which can effectively control the patient′s postprandial blood glucose,improve the patient′s self-efficacy，and improve the adverse pregnancy outcome.It has a relatively good intervention effect and is worthy of clinical promotion.
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