Progress in application of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue engineering of tympanic membrane regeneration
LYU Cui-ting1 2 HU Yi1 2 SHEN Yi1 2▲
1.Medical School,Ningbo University,Zhejiang Province,Ningbo 315211,China;
2.Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Ningbo Meidical Center Lihuili Hospital,Zhejiang Province,Ningbo 315040,China
Abstract：Eardrum is an important structure of hearing conduction and a protective barrier of the middle ear.Perforation may causes hearing loss,otorrhea and even serious complications.Trauma,middle ear infection and tympanostomy are the main causes of tympanic membrane perforation.Otolaryngologists will close the perforated eardrum via a surgery intervention.However,due to the limitations of surgical technical requirements,high costs,and surgical complications,it is necessary to find out a better alternative to surgical methed.With respect to this issue,the tissue engineering has been applied in experimental and clinical studies,including the biocompatible scaffolds,growth factors and stem cells to restore and improve the function of the eardrum.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are progenitors that can differentiate into a variety of cell types,can be isolated from a variety of tissues,and facilitiy to be cultured in vitro.Due to its biological characteristics,MSCs have attracted much attention in the treatment of many diseases.Studies have shown that the application of MSCs alone or in combination with biomaterials at the site of tympanic membrane rupture may promote the migration and proliferation of keratinocytes and thereby promote the closure of perforated tympanic membrane.This paper reviews the application of MSCs in tympanic membrane regeneration and its potential mechanism,and discusses the existing problems in the application of MSCs.
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