延续性口腔健康教育对学龄前儿童龋病的预防效果分析

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摘要目的探讨延续性口腔健康教育对学龄前儿童龋病的预防效果。方法收集南昌东湖区2 所私立幼儿园120名3～4 岁儿童及其家长作为研究对象，选取时间为2017年3月—2018年9月，其中1 所幼儿园儿童及其家长为干预组（60 名），另外1 所幼儿园作为对照组（60 名）。对照组传统口腔健康教育3 个月，干预组在其基础上予以延续性口腔健康教育3 个月。对比两组干预前后患龋率、人均龋齿数及口腔健康知识调查掌握度，干预后的依从性。结果干预前，120 名儿童患龋率为50.00%，人均龋齿数（2.75±0.07）颗；对照组干预后患龋率、人均龋齿数高于本组干预前，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；干预组干预后患龋率、人均龋齿数高于本组干预前，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；对照组干预后对正确刷牙可预防龋病、正确刷牙方法、饭后漱口掌握度人数多于本组干预前，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；干预组干预后对正确刷牙可预防龋病、正确刷牙方法、饭后漱口掌握度人数多于本组干预前，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；依据儿童每天坚持早晚刷牙、不挑食、定期看牙医等行为进行比较，干预组儿童干预后依从性高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论延续性口腔健康教育对学龄前儿童，可有效预防患龋率的发生，同时显著提高儿童对知识的掌握度以及依从性，养成良好的口腔卫生行为。

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关键词 ：龋病, 学龄前儿童, 传统口腔健康教育, 延续性口腔健康教育, 预防, 依从性

Abstract：Objective To explore the effect of continuous oral health education on the prevention of dental caries in preschool children.Methods A total number of 120 children from 3 to 4 years old in 2 kindergartens and their parents from Donghu District, Nanchang City were selected.The selection period was from March 2017 to September 2018.Children and their parents in one kindergarten were classified as the intervention group (60 children), and children and their parents in the another kindergarten were classified as the control group (60 children).The control group were given traditional oral health education for 3 months, and the intervention group was given continuous oral health education and traditional oral health education for 3 months.The incidence of caries before and after intervention, number of caries per capita, oral health knowledge mastery, and compliance after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results Before intervention, the incidence of caries in 120 children was 50.00%, and the number of caries per capita was (2.75±0.07) teeth.The incidence of caries and number of caries per capita in the control group after intervention were higher than those before intervention, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).The incidence of caries and number of caries per capita in the intervention group after intervention were higher than those before intervention, without statistically significant differences (P＞0.05).In the control group, the number of children who mastered that correct tooth brushing could prevent caries, correct tooth brushing methods, and mouthwash after meals after intervention was greater than that before intervention, without statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).In the intervention group, the number of children who mastered that correct tooth brushing could prevent caries, correct tooth brushing methods, and mouthwash after meals after intervention was greater than that before intervention, with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).According to children′s behaviors such as brushing their teeth in the morning and evening,not picky eaters, and regular visits to the dentist, the compliance after intervention of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion Continuous oral health education for preschool children can effectively prevent the incidence of caries.It can also significantly improve the children′s knowledge and compliance, and develop good oral hygiene behaviors.

Key words： Dental caries Preschool children Traditional oral health education Continuous oral health education Prevention Compliance

收稿日期: 2021-03-05

基金资助:江西省卫生健康委员会科技计划（202140037）

引用本文:

樊英艳；文翔；曹小军魏晓琴；邓蔚. 延续性口腔健康教育对学龄前儿童龋病的预防效果分析[J]. 中国当代医药, 2021, 28(20): 140-143.
FAN Ying-yan1 WEN Xiang2 CAO Xiao-jun1 WEI Xiao-qin1 DENG Wei1. Effect analysis of continuous oral health education on prevention of dental caries in preschool children. 中国当代医药, 2021, 28(20): 140-143.

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http://dangdaiyiyao.com/CN/ 或 http://dangdaiyiyao.com/CN/Y2021/V28/I20/140

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