Objective To explore the influence of nursing intervention based on motivational interview (MI) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods A total of 152 patients who underwent PD treated in Yuedong Hospital, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from April 2018 to April 2020 were selected.They were divided into the control group (n=76) and the observation group (n=76) according to the random number table method.In the control group, routine intervention was used, and in the observation group, MI-based nursing on this basis was implemented.The scores of volume load, self-management ability including exercise of self-care agency scale (ESCA), and health behavior tested by health promotion lifestyle profile scale Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ） were compared between the two groups before and at 3 months of intervention.Results There were no statistical differences between the two groups of volume control,ESCA or HPLP-Ⅱscore before intervention (P＞0.05).After intervention, the systolic blood pressure was (132.05±5.74)mmHg, diastolic blood pressure was (72.84±3.65) mmHg, body weight was (63.32±3.22) kg in the observation group,which were all lower than those of the control group of (139.26±6.53) mmHg, (79.36±3.25) mmHg, (65.01±3.26) kg; ultrafiltration volume was (615.88±45.67) mL and urine volume was (738.69±57.28) mL in the observation group, which were less than those of the control group of (678.09±45.16) and (826.54±60.53) mL; the scores of ESCA and HPLP-Ⅱwere (114.68±9.05) and (157.93±22.54) points in the observation, both higher than those of the control group of (90.18±8.73) and (126.84±20.19) points, with statistical differences (P＜0.05).Conclusion MI nursing can improve the volume load of PD patients, enhance the level of self-management, and promote the improvement of patients′ health behavior.