Objective To observe the clinical effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug combined with laser photocoagulation in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with macular edema (RVO-ME). Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 84 patients with RVO-ME diagnosed and treated in Liaoyang Central Hospital from June 2018 to December 2019. Patients were divided into control group (n=32, 32 eyes) and observation group (n=52, 52 eyes) according to different treatment methods. Patients in the control group were given anti-VEGF drug therapy, while patients in the observation group were treated with laser photocoagulation on the basis of anti-VEGF drug therapy. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 5 months, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)and macular central visual acuity fovea thickness (CMT) of the two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results After treatment, BCVA in the observation group (0.64±0.27) was higher than that in the control group (0.49±0.32), with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, the CMT of the observation group ([258.39±102.44] μm) was smaller than that of the control group ([310.42±96.56] μm), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of RVO-ME with anti-VEGF drug combined with laser photocoagulation can effectively improve the patients′ vision and reduce CMT. Compared with the treatment of anti-VEGF drug alone, the treatment of anti-VEGF drug combined with laser photocoagulation has a better effect, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.