[Abstract]Objective To explore the clinical effect of traditional thyroidectomy and ultrasound scalpel open thyroidectomy.Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with thyroidectomy who were treated in our hospital from November 2017 to November 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into control group（97 cases）and experimental group（103 cases）according to different surgical methods.The control group was given traditional thyroidectomy，and the experimental group was given ultrasound scalpel open thyroidectomy.The operation time，intraoperative blood loss，postoperative drainage，hospitalization time and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The operation and hospitalization time of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group，the amount of intraoperative blood loss and the amount of drainage after operation were less than those of the control group，the differences were statistical significance（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups（P＞0.05）.Conclusion The use of ultrasonic scalpel open thyroid surgery can help patients shorten the operation and hospitalization time，while reducing the amount of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage，which is superior to traditional thyroid surgery in all aspects and worthy of clinical promotion.