Abstract： Objective To explore the effect of prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents during hysteroscopy to prevent postoperative infection and to evaluate the clinical necessity. Methods A total of 90 patients (diagnosed as endometrial polyp, submucous myoma or endometrial hyperplasia) admitted to Nanshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen from January to December 2019 were selected as the research objects and divided into the non-antibacterial group (49 cases) and the antimicrobial group (41 cases) according to the random allocation method. Non-antibacterial group did not use antimicrobial agents before hysteroscopy, and the antimicrobial group used antibiotics at 30 min before hysteroscopy. The primary postoperative indicators (post-operative fever, infection and pain) and secondary postoperative indicators (antimicrobial-induced allergic reactions, abdominal distension, dizziness, headache, diarrhea,vomiting, and adverse reactions such as nausea) were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of fever and pain in major postoperative indicators between the two groups(P>0.05). There were no infection, uterine bleeding, pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic abscess, cervicitis/vaginitis and endometritis occurring in both groups. Anaphylaxis occurred in 2 patients of the antimicrobial group. There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of abdominal distension, dizziness, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea and other adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Preventive use of antimicrobial agents can not reduce the incidence of infection after hysteroscopy. Under the condition of perioperative management and following the management system of nosocomial infection, antimicrobial agents can be considered for low-risk patients.
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