Objective To investigate the correlation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) with albumin and blood lipid in preschool children with nephrotic syndrome (NS).Methods A total of 30 preschool NS children with insensitivity to hormones, refractory or recurrent nephrotic diseases and requiring long-term oral prednisone treatment were selected as the NS group.30 healthy children of the same age were selected as the control group.The levels of IGF-1,albumin, cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in two groups were detected, and the correlation between IGF-1 and albumin, TC, TG and LDL were analyzed.Results The levels of IGF-1 and albumin in NS group were lower than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01), while the levels of TC, TG and LDL were higher than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).There was a positive correlation between serum albumin and IGF-1 level in NS group (r=0.64, P＜0.01).TC, TG and LDL were negatively correlated with serum IGF-1 level (r=-0.72, -0.65, -0.77, P＜0.01).Conclusion There was a correlation between serum albumin and blood lipid and IGF-1 in preschool NS children.