Objective To study the effect of different ventilation modes on respiratory mechanical parameters and postoperative recovery quality of infants undergoing laparoscopic surgery.Methods From September 2019 to October 2020,50 children with laparoscopic surgery in People′s Hospital of Pingxiang City were selected as the research objects and divided into pressure controlled ventilation(PCV)group and volume controlled ventilation(VCV)group accoeding to random assignment method,with 25 cases in each group.PCV group was given PCV mode,and VCV group was given VCV mode.The intraoperative medication of the two groups was consistent.The airway peak pressure(Ppeak),airway mean pressure(Pmean),airway flat pressure(Pplat),end-expiratory pressure of carbon dioxide(PETCO2)and postoperative agitation score were compared between the two groups after tracheal intubation(T0),1 min after pneumoperitoneum(T1),10 min after pneumoperitoneum(T2),and before descopization(T3).Results There were no statistically significant differences in Ppeak,Pmean,Pplat and PETCO2 levels between the two groups at T0(P>0.05).Ppeak,Pplat and PETCO2 in PCV group at T1,T2 and T3 were lower than those in VCV group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in Pmean between the two groups at T1,T2 and T3(P>0.05).The score of postoperative agitation in PCV group was lower than that in the VCV group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion General anesthesia with PCV ventilation mode in pediatric laparoscopic surgery has high safety and stability,stable vital signs of children,and can improve the quality of recovery,and ensure the safety of children in the operation to the maximum extent.