舌肌功能训练联合心理疏导对错畸形早期矫治患儿自我效能感的影响
赫 佳
大连市口腔医院儿童口腔科,辽宁大连 116021
[摘要]目的 探讨舌肌功能训练联合心理疏导对错
![]() ![]() ![]() [关键词]舌肌功能训练;心理疏导;错
![]() 错
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() 1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2018年8月至2019年12月于大连市口腔医院儿童口腔科收治的136例错
![]() ![]() 1.2 方法
两组患儿早期矫治时均进行心理疏导,干预周期为8周,具体如下:①医护人员首先要具备全面的口腔医学知识,以便在护理过程中及时解决相应的问题,定期考核知识水平与技能操作,以提高护理效果。②患儿治疗期间,医护人员组织成立护理小组,通过图片、视频、幻灯片等娱乐方式进行错
![]() 观察组在此基础上给予舌肌功能训练,首先确定舌尖位置,然后由专业医护人员及家属指导并协助患儿完成弹舌、绕舌、外伸、鼓腮等舌肌训练,每日30 min 左右,4~6次/d,其具体操作如下:①弹舌训练。患儿将舌尖舔在切牙乳头上,使得整个舌体贴在腭顶部,然后放松发生弹响声音,循环重复30下,2次/d,可有效强化舌部肌肉。②吸上腭训练。患儿舌尖舔在切牙乳头,采用吮吸的方式使整个舌体贴紧上腭,保持动作稳定2 min,2次/d。③舌外伸训练。患儿将尽可能张大嘴巴,在不碰到下切牙的前提下,把舌头往外伸,重复20下,增加舌肌力量。④瘦舌训练。将尽可能张大嘴巴,将舌头伸出并举起,然后缩回,每2 秒做1次动作交替,每次2 min,2次/d 强化舌肌上抬肌力。⑤唇肌训练。患儿抿嘴闭唇,使上下嘴唇尽量伸展,每次30 s,或者在唇间放一吸管,咬住吸管,维持30 s以上;也可采取爆破音训练,患儿将唇抿紧,尽量用力做吹气动作,必要时配合鼻呼吸,纠正口呼吸习惯。⑥鼓腮训练。患儿吸足一口气,尽量鼓起两腮,将嘴唇用食指按压住,脸部有明显酸胀感后,坚持动作5 s,然后缓慢喷出气体。
1.3 观察指标及评价标准
①评估两组矫正效果,其评定标准[7]包括显效:矫正后,牙齿排列整齐,前牙覆盖正常,
![]() ![]() ![]() 1.4 统计学方法
采用SPSS 22.0 统计学软件进行数据分析,计量资料用均数±标准差(
![]() 2 结果
2.1 两组患儿总有效率的比较
观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表1)。
表1 两组患儿总有效率的比较[n(%)]
2.2 两组患儿干预前后前牙覆盖深度、上切牙唇倾度及下前牙唇倾度的比较
干预前,两组前牙覆盖深度、上切牙唇倾度及下前牙唇倾度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组前牙覆盖及上切牙唇倾度均低于干预前,下前牙唇倾度均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组前牙覆盖及上切牙唇倾度均低于对照组,下前牙唇倾度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表2)。
表2 两组干预前后前牙覆盖深度、上切牙唇倾度及下前牙唇倾度的比较(
![]() 2.3 两组患儿干预前后自我效能感评分的比较
干预前,两组自我效能感评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组自我效能感评分高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组自我效能感评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表3)。
表3 两组患儿干预前后自我效能感评分的比较(分,
![]() 与本组干预前比较,#P<0.05
2.4 两组护理满意情况的比较
观察组护理总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表4)。
表4 两组护理满意情况的比较[n(%)]
3 讨论
目前,错
![]() ![]() 本研究结果显示,观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。提示舌肌功能训练联合心理疏导应用于错
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() 综上所述,舌肌功能训练联合心理疏导应用于错
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Effect of tongue muscle functional training combined with psychological counseling on self-efficacy of children undergoing early treatment for malocclusion
HE Jia
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116021, China [Abstract]Objective To explore effect of tongue muscle functional training combined with psychological counseling on self-efficacy of children undergoing early treatment for malocclusion.Methods A total of 136 cases with malocclusion who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dalian Stomatological Hospital from August 2018 to December 2019 were selected.They were divided into an observation group (68 cases) and a control group (68 cases) according to the random number table method.Both groups were given psychological counseling during early treatment,and the observation group was additionally given 8 weeks of tongue muscle functional training.Correction effects of the two groups were evaluated, and the anterior teeth coverage depth, upper incisor inclination, lower anterior teeth inclination, self-efficacy changes and nursing satisfaction were recorded before and after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in anterior teeth coverage depth, upper incisor inclination and lower anterior teeth inclination between the two groups (P>0.05).After intervention, the anterior tooth coverage and upper incisor inclination of both groups were smaller than those before intervention, while the lower anterior teeth inclination was larger than that before intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).After intervention, the anterior tooth coverage and upper incisor inclination in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the lower anterior teeth inclination was higher than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Before intervention, there was no significant difference in self-efficacy score between the two groups (P<0.05).After intervention, the self-efficacy scores of the two groups were higher than those before intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).After intervention, that self-efficacy score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The total satisfaction degree of nursing care in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Applying tongue muscle functional training in psychological nursing of patients undergoing early treatment for malocclusion can improve the anterior teeth coverage depth, upper incisor inclination and lower anterior teeth inclination as well as the patient′s self-efficacy.It can also promote the development of harmonious nurse-patient relationship.
[Key words]Tongue muscle functional training;Psychological counseling;Malocclusion;Early treatment;Self-efficacy
[中图分类号]R246.8
[文献标识码]A
[文章编号]1674-4721(2021)3(b)-0133-04
(收稿日期:2020-07-02)
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