Objective To explore the effect of laparoscopic complete mesocolectomy in the treatment of colon cancer.Methods Eighty-eight colon cancer patients admitted to the Fifth People′s Hospital of Jianli City,Hubei Province from September 2015 to November 2019 were selected as subjects.The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method,with 44 patients in each group.The control group underwent open surgery,and the study group underwent laparoscopic complete mesocolectomy.The perioperative indicators,postoperative pathological results,complications and follow-up results were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time of the study group was(159.84±20.33)min,longer than that of the control group of(142.06±23.64)min,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage in the study group were(87.93±15.05)mL and(194.85±60.19)mL,both were lower than those in the control group of(220.64±34.39)and(310.58±65.38)mL,with statistical significances(P＜0.05).The length of hospital stay in the study group was(13.81±4.92)d,shorter than that in the control group of(16.98±6.33)d,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The anal exhaust time was(3.16±0.85)h in the study group and(3.34±0.81)h in the control group.There was no significant difference in the anal exhaust time between the two groups(P＞0.05).The number of lymph node dissection in the study group was(21.89±4.63),which was higher than that in the control group of(18.17±2.94),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The tumor diameter was(4.18±1.12)cm in the study group and(4.22±1.25)cm in the control group.There was no statistical significance in the tumor diameter between the two groups(P ＞0.05).The number of lymph node metastasis was(4.52±0.61)in the study group and(4.71±0.63)in the control group.There was no significant difference in the number of lymph node metastasis between the two groups(P＞0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group was 4.55%,which was lower than that in the control group(20.45%),the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The recurrence rate,metastasis rate and mortality rate in the study group were 4.55%,2.27% and 0%,respectively,while those in the control group were 9.09%,6.82% and 2.27%.There were no significant differences in the recurrence rate,metastasis rate and mortality between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The use of laparoscopic complete mesocolectomy for the treatment of colon cancer has the advantages of less trauma,less bleeding,low complications and low recurrence rate,and can achieve good tumor eradication effect.It plays an important role in improving the prognosis of patients,and is worthy of clinical application .