Difficulty in urination caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common urological disease.Androgens and age are the main known pathogenic factors.Obesity,hyperlipidemia,and diabetes are also closely related.The screening methods for prostate tumors are anal diagnosis,total prostate specific antigen test,and ultrasound.Urodynamic tests can help identify neurogenic bladder,overactive bladder,etc.Most patients can improve their symptoms with medications,and prostate resection is the standard treatment.Strict surgical indications are the prerequisite to ensure the curative effect of the operation.Appropriate surgical method can enhance the curative effect and improve postoperative complications.This article reviews the progress of diagnosis and treatment of prostate hyperplasia,such as etiology,diagnosis,screening methods,drug efficacy,surgical indications,minimally invasive treatment and postoperative complications.