Objective To compare the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided transretal prostatic biopsy with 6 cores and 10+x(x is several cores,and ＜10)cores in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods Databases including PubMed,Embase,Web of science,SCI,China Biomedical Literature Database,CNKI,WanFang Database and VIP Database were searched from 2009 to 2019.According to the established inclusion and discharge criteria，the relevant literature was searched,and the documents that meet the standards were selected as the final included literature and extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of eligible studies.The included literatures were statistically analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software.Results A total of 16 literatures were included,including 1 randomized controlled study and 15 case-control studies.Among them,5 studies were intergroup controls.A total of 674 patients were included in the intergroup controls,including 320 patients in the 6 cores group and 354 patients in the 10+x cores group.And another 11 studies were self-control which consists of 3730 patients.Meta-analysis showed that the detection rate of prostate cancer in the 6 cores group guided by transrectal ultrasound prostatic biopsy was lower than that in the 10+x cores group(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.37～0.74, P=0.0002[inter group control], OR=1.44,95%CI:1.30～1.59, P＜0.000 01[intragroup self control]).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.26～1.36, P=0.22).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided transretal prostatic biopsy with 10+x cores has a high detection rate for prostate cancer,which is worthy of clinical application.