Objective To study the improvement of clinical teaching quality in obstetrics and gynecology by combining scenario simulation teaching with action learning method under the guidance of direct observation of procedural skills(DOPS).Methods A total of 60 clinical medical students who practiced in obstetrics and gynecology department at the Clinical College,Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University from January to December 2022 were selected as the study objects and divided into control group(n=30)and observation group(n=30)according to random number table method.The control group implemented the traditional teaching method,and the observation group implemented the situational simulation teaching combined with action learning under the guidance of DOPS.The scores of the critical thinking disposition inventory-chinese version (CTDI-CV)and the students'position competency assessment scale of the two groups were compared.Results The test scores,CTDI-CV scores and students' post competency assessment scale scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The implementation of scenario simulation teaching combined with action learning under the guidance of DOPS in the clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology can effectively improve the teaching quality,and promote the improvement of assessment results,critical thinking ability and post competency of clinical medical students.