Objective To explore the application of psychological counseling in percutaneous vertebroplasty under local anesthesia.Methods A total of 206 patients who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from March 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the control group (107 cases)and the experimental group (99 cases)by coin toss method.The control group was operated with traditional method.The experimental group was operated with preoperative and intraoperative psychological counseling on the basic of the control group.The operation time,X-ray fluoroscopy times,intraoperative visual analogue scale (VAS)score,bone cement amount and bone cement leakage rate were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group,the number of X-ray fluoroscopy was less than that of the control group,the amount of bone cement was more than that of the control group,the VAS score and bone cement leakage rate were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Psychological counseling plays a positive role in perioperative period of percutaneous vertebroplasty for patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture,which can shorten the operative time,reduce the number of fluoroscopy,reduce the intraoperative VAS score,inject more bone cement and reduce the leakage rate of bone cement.