剖宫产与阴道分娩对产妇产后盆底组织状态及下尿路功能的影响研究

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Abstract Objective To explore the influence of cesarean section and vaginal delivery on postpartum pelvic floor tissue status and lower urinary tract function. Methods A total of 60 parturients admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to April 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the different modes of delivery, they were divided into the control group (30 cases) and the study group (30 cases). The control group adopted vaginal delivery method,and the study group adopted cesarean section method. The indexes of pelvic floor electromyography, pelvic floor tissue state and lower urinary tract function were compared between the two groups at 6, 12 and 24 weeks postnatal. Results The lower urinary tract function indexes of the volume cystometric capacity (VMCC), bladder compliance (BC) and the rate of maximum urinary flow (RMF) in the two groups at 12 and 24 weeks postpartum were higher than those at 6 weeks postpartum, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in VMCC, BC and RMF between the two groups at 6, 12 and 24 weeks after delivery (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in VMCC, BC and RMF between 12 weeks postpartum and 24 weeks postpartum in the study group (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in VMCC, BC and RMF between 12 weeks postpartum and 24 weeks postpartum in the control group (P＞0.05). The pelvic floor tissue state indexes such as posterior urethral bladder angle (Ar and As) and bladder neck rotation angle (θ) after 12 weeks and 24 weeks postpartum in the two groups were lower than those at 6 weeks postpartum, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The pelvic floor tissue state indexes such as θ, Ar and As in the study group at 6 and 12 weeks after delivery were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in θ, Ar and As between the two groups at 24 weeks postpartum (P＞0.05). The work value, peak value, activity value of pelvic floor electromyography in the two groups at 12 and 24 weeks after delivery were higher than those at 6 weeks after delivery, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The work value, peak value, vitality value of pelvic floor electromyography in the study group at 6 and 12 weeks after delivery were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in work value, peak value and activity value between the two groups at 24 weeks postpartum (P＞0.05). Conclusion Compared with vaginal delivery, cesarean section has less short-term adverse effect on the state of pelvic floor tissue and pelvic floor myoelectric value, but there is no significant difference between them in a long time. In addition, the two delivery modes have less impact on the lower urinary tract function, therefore, it is necessary to select the appropriate delivery mode according to the actual situation of the pregnant women.

Key words： Cesarean section Vaginal delivery Parturient Postpartum Pelvic floor tissue status Lower urinary tract function Pelvic floor electromyography

Received: 17 February 2020

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