饮食行为及管理对高血压患者血压控制的影响

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Abstract Objective To investigate the influence of dietary behavior and management on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Methods A total of 591 patients with hypertension in a community in Fuzhou, Fujian Province from April 2017 to April 2018 were retrospectively selected as the research objects. Questionnaire survey on eating habits was conducted. On the basis of univariate analysis, the results were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that dietary behavior management, medical insurance, smoking, taste preference, frequent consumption of picckled and smoked food, salt consumption, oil consumption, meat consumption,fruit and vegetable consumption, soy products and nuts consumption were related factors affecting blood pressure control, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05). Education level, dietary guidance, whether they had participated in dietary behavior management activities and lectures, whether their families and friends had conducted dietary behavior management, and whether they had been aware of the relationship between dietary behavior and hypertension were related factors that affecting dietary behavior management, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that no dietary behavior management, frequent consumption of pickled and smoked food, high consumption of salt and oil, low consumption of vegetables and fruits,soy products and nuts were independent risk factors for poor blood pressure control (OR＞1, P＜0.05). Not received dietary guidance, not participated dietary behavior management activities and lectures, family and friends not taking dietary behavior management were independent risk factors that affect patients′ dietary behavior management (OR＞1,P＜0.05). Conclusion Good dietary behaviors such as low-salt and low-oil diet and moderate consumption of fruits and vegetables are conducive to blood pressure control of patients with hypertension, and dietary behavior management level of patients can improve through community lectures and health education of family and friends.

Key words： Dietary behavior Dietary behavior management Hypertension Blood pressure control effect

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