Objective To investigate effect of somatostatin on colorectal fistula after anorectal surgery. Methods A total of 64 patients with colorectal fistula treated in the Department of General Surgery of Maojian District People's Hospital of Shiyan City from September 2017 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into experimental group (32 cases) and routine group (32 cases) according to random number table method, the routine group was treated with basic treatment including fasting, infusion and anti-inflammatory, and the experimental group was treated with somatostatin. The recovery and clinical indexes of the two groups were compared. Results The time of normal diet, hospitalization and fistula closure in the experimental group were shorter than those in the routine group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of serum amylase (AMS) and bile acid in the experimental group were lower than those in the conventional group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the laboratory indexes between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the hematocrit (HCT) in the experimental group was lower than that in the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Somatostatin treatment can adjust serum, stabilize laboratory indexes and promote the repair of fistula in patients with colorectal fistula after anorectal surgery.