Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of open liver tumor resection and laparoscopic liver tumor resection in treatment of liver tumors and their effect on liver function and inflammatory indexes. Methods A total of 60 patients with liver tumors treated in Qiandongnan Prefecture People's Hospital, Guizhou Province from March 2017 to August 2021 were selected as the research objects and divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with open liver tumor resection, and the patients in the experimental group were treated with laparoscopic liver tumor resection. The clinical indexes, liver function, inflammatory indexes and incidence of complications of the two groups were compared. Results The amount of intraoperative bleeding in the experimental group was less than that in the control group, and incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The recovery time of gastrointestinal tract, extubation time of drainage tube and hospital stay in the experimental group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin and C-reactive protein (CRP)in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic liver tumor resection has significant clinical efficacy,can significantly improve liver function and significantly reduce inflammatory reaction. It is a minimally invasive, effective and safe operation.