Objective To investigate the effect of joint capsule repair on joint function after artificial hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 62 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture treated with artificial hip arthroplasty in Chenghai District People′s Hospital from January 2020 to April 2021 were selected and divided into study group and control group according to random number table method,with 31 cases in each group.The joint capsule was not repaired in operation in the control group,and the joint capsule was repaired in operation in the study group.The perioperative indexes of the two groups were compared,including bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)at 1 d before operation and 10 d after operation,Harris score and complications at 1 d before operation and 7,14 and 28 d after operation.Results The intraoperative blood loss in the study group was more than that in the control group,the operation time was longer than that in the control group,and the time of hospitalization was shorter than that in the control group,first getting out of bed time was earlier than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of VEGF,BMP-2 and IGF-1 between the two groups at 1 d before operation(P＞0.05).At 14 d after operation,the levels of VEGF,BMP-2 and IGF-1 in the study group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in Harris scores between the two groups at 1 d before operation and 7 d after operation(P＞0.05).The Harris score of the study group was higher than that of the control group at 14 and 28 d after operation,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total complication rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Joint capsule repair in artificial hip arthroplasty for elderly femoral neck fracture can effectively shorten the time of physical rehabilitation,promote the recovery of hip function and reduce the incidence of complications such as joint instability.However,it will also prolong the operation time of patients.Therefore,a scientific and reasonable operation plan should be formulated to avoid risks.