Objective To compare the application effect of Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride and Tropicamide in the treatment of hyperopia children with optometry and mydriasis. Methods A total of 78 hyperoptometry children (156 eyes)underwent dilation optometry admitted to Yichun Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method, with 39 cases (78 eyes) in each group. Children in the observation group were dilated with Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride during optometry, and children in the control group were dilated with Tropicamide.The diopter results of the two groups were analyzed, and the changes of pupil diameter and residual adjustment volume were compared between the two groups before medication, 20, 40, 60 min and 24, 48 h after medication, and the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in diopter between the two groups (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in pupil diameter between the two groups before medication (P＞0.05). The pupil diameter of the observation group at 40 min after medication was smaller than that of the control group, and the pupil diameters of the observation group at 24 and 48 h after medication were larger than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the residual regulation before medication between the two groups (P＞0.05). The residual regulatory amounts of the two groups at 20, 40, 60 min and 24 h after medication were lower than those before medication, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). The residual regulatory amounts in observation group at 20, 40, 60 min and 24 h after medication were higher than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion The mydriatic effect of Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride Eye Drops is similar to that of Tropicamide, but its cycloplegia effect and safety are better.