Objective To explore the application effect of strengthening self-care intervention in patients with vocal cord polypectomy under laryngoscope.Methods From February 2018 to June 2019, 62 patients with vocal cord polypectomy under laryngoscope treated in Dongguan Qishi Hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to random number table method, 31 cases in each group.The control group was given routine care, the study group was given intensive self-care intervention.The ability of self-care at admission and 3 months and the recovery of voice function at 1 and 3 months after operation were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in the scores of self-care skills, self-care knowledge, self-concept and self-care responsibility between the two groups (P＞0.05).The scores of self-care skills, self-care knowledge, self-concept and self-care responsibility in the self-care ability test table of the two groups at 3 months after operation were higher than those, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The scores of self-care skills, self-care knowledge, self-concept and self-care responsibility in the test table of self-care ability in the study group were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The recovery rate of voice function in the study group was higher than that in the control group at 1 month after operation, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Comparison of the recovery rate of voice function between the two groups at 3 months after operation showed no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion Strengthening self-care intervention in patients with vocal polypectomy under laryngoscope can improve their self-care ability and promote the recovery of voice function.