Objective To explore the practice and effect of implementing the chief resident work model of midwives to cultivate junior midwives.Methods From March 2017 to November 2019,the Obstetrics Department of Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital successively carried out midwife chief resident training for 33 N1 midwives,with each cycle of 3 months,training 3 midwives in each period.A total of 11 sessions were carried out.Their participations in the department during the chief resident period as a midwife were analyzed.The core competence assessment and general self-efficacy scores of the 33 midwives before and after the training were compared.Results During the chief resident period as a midwife,the 33 midwives actively participated in the work of the department and exceeded the total requirements of the department.After the implementation of the midwife chief resident training model,the total score of midwives′ core competence assessment([80.98±1.55]points)was higher than that before the implementation([70.30±1.96]points),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Using the mini-clinical evaluation exercise(Mini-CEX)to evaluate the delivery of single birth by midwives,the excellent rate increased from 45.45%(15/33)to 90.91%(30/33),the proportion of midwives who scored excellence in the assessment of singleton deliveries after the implementation was higher than that before the implementation,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The general self-efficacy score after the implementation([3.07±0.11]points)was higher than that before the implementation([2.05±0.15]points),and the difference was statistically significant(t=34.690, P<0.001).Conclusion The implementation of chief resident work model is conductive to improve the midwifery quality for junior midwives,can effectively improve their core competency,and significantly enhance their self-efficacy.