Objective To investigate the clinical effect of mouse nerve growth factor(mNGF)combined with mecobalamine in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy(PN)in hemodialysis patients.Methods Fifty-four hemodialysis patients with PN who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University from August 2019 to August 2020 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 27 patients in each group.Both groups were treated with routine hemodialysis.The control group was additionally treated with mecobalamin for 4 weeks,and the observation group was treated with mNGF based on the control group,both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Clinical efficacy,nerve conduction velocity and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 96.30%,which was higher than that of the control group(70.37%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in nerve conduction velocity between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)and sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV)of median nerve,common peroneal nerve and sural nerve in both groups were higher than those before treatment in the group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).MNCV and SNCV of median nerve,common peroneal nerve and sural nerve in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the total incidences of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The mNGF combined with mecobalamine can enhance the treatment effect of PN in hemodialysis patients,improve nerve conduction velocity,and promote the disappearance of clinical symptoms,which is safe and reliable.