The concept of modern clinical medicine tends to be precise and minimally invasive.Because of its special anatomical location,adjacent to important blood vessels and nerves,spinal surgery requires more safety and accuracy in clinical practice.3D printing technology takes 3D image data as the basic data,designs and plans the required 3D digital model through special 3D printing computer software.After importing the printer,a variety of materials can be used for physical printing.3D printing technology is a combination of digital information technology,digital industrial technology,biochemical materials and other cutting-edge technologies,widely used in aerospace materials,industrial manufacturing,biological research and clinical medical fields,involving digital anatomical model construction,organ physical printing,artificial prosthesis replacement,navigation board design and other aspects of clinical medical applications.3D printing guide plates technology can pre-plan and design intraoperative navigation channels according to clinical needs,and has the characteristics of accurate navigation and safe positioning,which has great development prospects in spinal surgery.This article reviews the research progress of 3D printing guide plates in spinal surgery.