Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-LIF),minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF),and open lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases (LDD).Methods The clinical data of 150 patients who underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for LDD in Baise People's Hospital from January 2013 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the surgical method,they were divided into Endo-LIF group,MIS-TLIF group and PLIF group,with 50 cases in each group.Operative time,fluoroscopy times,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,complications,visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),vertebral space height index,and range of motion(ROM)were compared between the three groups before and 3 months after surgery.Results The operative time of PLIF group was longer than that of Endo-LIF group and MIS-TLIF group,and the intraoperative fluoroscopy times were less than those of Endo-LIF group and MIS-TLIF group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times between Endo-LIF group and MIS-TLIF group (P＞0.05).Intraoperative blood loss in Endo-LIF group was less than that in MIS-TLIF group and PLIF group,and that in MIS-TLIF group was less than that in PLIF group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Postoperative bed time and hospital stay in Endo-LIF group were shorter than those in MIS-TLIF group and PLIF group,and MIS-TLIF group was shorter than PLIF group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The satisfaction of the three groups was compared,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The satisfaction of Endo-LIF group was higher than PLIF group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.017).VAS and ODI scores 3 months after operation were lower than those before operation,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in complication rate,vertebral space height index and ROM among three groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Endo-LIF,MIS-TLI and PLIF had similar prognosis 3 months after operation.PLIF had the least number of intraoperative fluoroscopy,Endo-LIF had less trauma,and had obvious advantages in reducing intraoperative bleeding,shortening postoperative bed time and hospital stay,and had faster postoperative recovery,which was suitable for clinical promotion.