Objective To investigate the effect of Roxadustat in the treatment of renal anemia and its influence on quality of life.Methods A total of 96 patients with renal anemia admitted to the Department of Nephrology,the Central Hospital of Shaoyang from September 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into the reference group(48 cases)and the study group(48 cases)according to random drawing method.The reference group was treated with erythropoietin combined with iron sucrose,and the study group was treated with Roxadustat.The quality of life,anemia index,iron metabolism index,incidence of adverse reactions and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score were compared between the two groups.Results Before medication,there were no significant differences in quality of life,anemia indexes and iron metabolism indexes between two groups(P＞0.05).After medication,the quality of life,anemia indexes and iron metabolism indexes of patients in two groups were higher than those before medication,and the quality of life,anemia indexes and iron metabolism indexes of patients in the study group were higher than those in the reference group,with statistical significances (P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was lower than that in the reference group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After medication,the total effective rate of the study group was higher than that of the reference group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Before medication,there were no significant differences in MoCA scores between the two groups (P＞0.05).After medication,the MoCA scores of the two groups were higher than those before medication,and the MoCA score of the study group was higher than that of the reference group,with statistical significances(P＜0.05).Conclusion Roxadustat can improve the quality of life of patients with renal anemia,and the indexes of anemia and iron metabolism can be improved in a short time,which is conducive to the remission of patients'disease.