Objective Detection of Mycobacterium species in alveolar lavage fluid using microarray gene chip method to understand the distribution characteristics of Mycobacterium species in patients with pulmonary infection in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Chest Hospital at different ages and genders.Methods The results of alveolar lavage fluid detection using microarray gene chip method from patients with pulmonary infections admitted to Guangxi Zhuang Automomous Region Chest Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were colletced,and the distribution characteristics of Mycobacteria in the patients was analyzed.Results A total of 348 cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were detected from 949 lavage fluid samples,with a detection rate of 36.7%(348/949).Among them,the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group accounted for 83.6%(291/348),with a detection rate of 33.2%(203/611)in males and 26.0%(88/338)in females.The difference in detection rates between males and females was statistically significant(χ2=5.29,P＜0.05),non tuberculosis Mycobacteria(NTM)accounted for 16.4%(57/348),with the male detection rate was 5.1%(31/611),and the female detection rate was 7.7%(26/338),and there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate between males and females(χ2=2.64, P＞0.05).In the detected NTM,intracellular Mycobacterium accounted for 35.1% (20/57), Mycobacterium chelonae/abscess accounted for 33.3%(19/57),Mycobacterium avium accounted for 19.3%(11/57),Gordon Mycobacterium accounted for 5.3%(3/57),toad Mycobacterium accounted for 5.3%(3/57),and light yellow Mycobacterium accounted for 1.7% (1/57).There was no statistically significant difference in age groups among lung infection patients who have detected a complex of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(χ2=10.8,P＞0.05),there was a statistically significant difference in the age groups of lung infection patients who detected NTM(χ2=18.7,P＜0.01).Conclusion The pulmonary infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Guangxi Zhuang Automomous Region Chest Hospital is mainly caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group.The main prevalent strains of NTM are intracellular Mycobacterium,Mycobacterium chelonae/abscess,and Mycobacterium avium.There is no age difference in pulmonary infection patients with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group,but there is a gender difference.There is no gender difference in pulmonary infection patients with NTM,but there is an age difference and an aging trend,NTM strains are diverse.