Objective To explore the effect of modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction on the levels of inflammatory factors and pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods A total of 93 patients with LDH treated in Nanchang Hongdu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Nanchang from March 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into test group (n=47)and control group (n=46)using a random number table method.The control group was treated with Celecoxib,and on this basis,the test group was treated with modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction for 3 weeks.The pain severity,lumbar function,inflammatory factor levels,oxidative stress response,and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the visual analog scale (VAS)score and Oswestry disability index (ODI)score in the test group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,malondialdehyde,and interleukin-6 in the test group were lower than those in the control group,while the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD)was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The MOS 36-item short from health survey(SF-36)score in the test group after treatment was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The modified Shentong Zhuyu Decoction can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress reactions,alleviate pain severity,improve lumbar function and quality of life in the treatment of LDH.