Abstract：Objective To explore the relevant influencing factors of postoperative hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) in surgical patients. Methods The clinical data of 2 824 patients undergoing surgical treatment in Jiujiang First People's Hospital from January 2020 to February 2023 were retrospectively selected. The patients were divided into HAP group (31 cases) and non HAP group (n=2 793 cases) according to whether they had HAP after surgery. Results The results of single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences in the incidence between patients with different age, nature of surgery, mode of anesthesia, diabetes, smoking history, tracheotomy, indwelling gastric tube, and operation time ＞3 h (P＜0.05); Sex, type of Surgical incision, amount of intraoperative bleeding, and hypertension were not related to postoperative HAP in surgical patients, and the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05); According to logistic regression analysis, age ≥ 60 years old (β=0.899, OR=2.458, 95%CI=1.205-5.011), emergency surgery ( β=1.985, OR=7.279, 95%CI=3.488-15.188), general anesthesia (β=2.739, OR=15.464, 95%CI=2.106-113.569), combined with diabetes (β=0.983, OR=2.672, 95%CI=1.310-5.450), smoking history (β=1.150, OR=3.157, 95%CI=1.537-6.484), tracheotomy (β=1.043, OR=2.837, 95%CI=1.331-6.047), indwelling gastric tube (β=0.753, OR=2.123, 95%CI=1.035-4.355), surgery time>3 h (β=2.198, OR=9.006, 95%CI=4.384-18.501) were high-risk factors for postoperative HAP in surgical patients (P＜0.05). Conclusion Surgical patients are prone to postoperative HAP, which is influenced by multiple factors. Corresponding prevention and treatment strategies can be developed for each factor in clinical practice, which may reduce the occurrence of HAP.
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