Objective To explored the influence of incentive nursing on negative emotion and self-nursing ability of hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 100 hemodialysis patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects,they were divided into the conventional group and the observation group by random number table method.The conventional group was given the traditional nursing mode,and the observation group was given the incentive nursing mode.The negative emotions,self-care ability and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the score of negative emotion before nursed (P＞0.05).The scores of anxiety and depression in the observation group after nursed were lower than those in the conventional group,with statistically significances(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the scores of self-care ability between the two groups before nursed (P＞0.05).While the scores of self-concept,health knowledge level,self-care skills and self-care responsibility in the observation group after nursed were higher than those in the conventional group,with statistical significances (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the life quality score of the two groups before nursed (P＞0.05).The scores of physical function,general health,emotional function,mental health of the observation group after nursed were higher than those in the conventional group,with statistically significances (P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of incentive nursing in hemodialysis patients can improving their negative emotions,improving their self-care ability and quality of life.