Objective To compare the effect of hysteroscopic tissue resection system and traditional hysteroscopic electroresection in the treatment of patients with uterine cavity lesions,so as to seek a more suitable and ideal treatment plan.Methods From January 2017 to March 2019,250 patients with uterine cavity lesions who had fertility requirements and had completed surgical treatment in Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as the research objects.According to the different operation methods,they were divided into observation group (125 cases) and control group (125 cases).Patients in the observation group were operated with hysteroscopic resection system,while patients in the control group were operated with traditional hysteroscopic resection.The operation effect of the two groups was compared,including operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative dilated fluid usage,and surgical pain degree.The complications of the two groups were compared.The length of postoperative hospital stay,the proportion of postoperative normal menstrual volume,the rate of repregnancy within 1 year after operation and the success rate of one operation were compared between the two groups.The recurrence rates of endometrial polyps and submucosal myoma were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group,the amount of intraoperative blood loss and the amount of intraoperative dilated fluid were less than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the verbal rating scale (VRS)score and the total incidence of complications between the two groups (P ＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the postoperative hospital stay,the proportion of postoperative normal menstrual volume and the success rate of the first operation between the two groups (P＞0.05).The rate of repregnancy within 1 year after operation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the recurrence rates of endometrial polyps and submucosal myomas between the two groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional hysteroscopic electroresection,hysteroscopic tissue resection system can shorten the operation time of patients with uterine cavity lesions,reduce the amount of surgical bleeding,and effectively improve the postoperative pregnancy rate,especially for women with fertility requirements,which is worthy of clinical application.