Objective To explore the effect of inspiratory muscle strength training(IMST)on the quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis.Methods A total of 80 patients with pneumoconiosis who were admitted to Ganzhou Fifth People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into the treatment group and the control group by randomization of the central block,with 40 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with conventional treatment,and the patients in the treatment group were treated with IMST on the basis of the treatment in the control group.The respiratory muscle contraction indexes(maximum inspiratory pressure[MIP]and maximum inspiratory flow[PIF]),walking condition(6 minute walking test[6MWT])and the pulmonary function index(maximal voluntary ventilation[MVV]),forced expiratory volume in one second[FEV1],forced vital capacity[FVC],total lung capacity[TLC]and FEV1/FVC)were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results After treatment,the MIP and PIF of the treatment group were higher than those before treatment,and the treatment group was higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in MIP and PIF of the control group before and after treatment(P＞0.05).After treatment,the 6MWT of two groups was longer than that before treatment,and the treatment group was longer than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).After treatment,the MVV,FEV1,FVC,TLC and FEV1/FVC of two groups were higher than those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the two groups after treatment(P＞0.05).Conclusion IMST can effectively increase the MIP and prolong the 6MWT of patients with pneumoconiosis.Although the improvement of pulmonary function indicators is not obvious,it can effectively improve the quality of life of patients,which is worthy of clinical practice and promotion.