Abstract：Objective To study the protective mechanism of Baicalin on the myocardium of diabetic rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (6 rats), the Baicalin control group (6 rats), the model group (6 rats) and the treatment group (6 rats). Experimental diabetes models were established by tail vein injection of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin in the model group and the treatment group. The Baicalin control group and the treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of 15 μmol/(L·kg·d) Baicalin liquid, while in the control group and the model group, the intraperitoneal injection of normal saline was used. The four groups were fed with normal diet. After 8 weeks, blood glucose, mitochondrial structure, myocardial mitochondrial damage ratio, activity of respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, ND1 mRNA and ND1 protein expression were compared among the four groups. Results The blood glucose of the model group was higher than that of the control group, and the blood glucose of the treatment group was lower than that of the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The percentage of damaged mitochondria in the model group was higher than that in the control group, and the percentage of damaged mitochondria in the treatment group was lower than that in the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The activities of myocardial mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳin the model group were lower than those in the control group, the activities of myocardial mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳin the treatment group were higher than those in the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The ND1 mRNA and ND1 protein in the model group were lower than those in the control group, and the ND1 mRNA and ND1 protein in the treatment group were higher than those in the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and the expression of ND1 gene and protein of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅰsubunit were decreased in diabetic rats. Baicalin may play a protective role in diabetic myocardium by increasing the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and enhancing the expression of ND1 gene and protein of complex Ⅰsubunit.
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