Objective To explore the effect of diversified health education on the cognition and compliance of neonatal parents′ hearing screening. Methods The parents of 100 newborns born in Fuzhou maternal and child health hospital from November 2020 to November 2021 were collected as the research objects. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine health education, and the observation group received diversified health education, and continued to observe until the re-screening was completed. The cognitive mastery, attitude and behavior, compliance and screening status of parents in the two groups were compared. Results The scores of cognition, attitude and behavior of hearing screening in the observation group were (9.15±0.38) and (5.13±0.30) points, which were higher than those in the control group (7.39±1.10) and (4.35±0.29) points, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total compliance of hearing screening in the observation group was 94.00%, higher than 80.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The initial screening rate of observation group was 96.00%, higher than that of control group 82.00%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in screening rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Diversified health education can improve the cognition and compliance of neonatal parents′ hearing screening, which is conducive to the early detection and treatment of neonatal hearing abnormalities.