Objective To investigate the clinical effect of early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in improving the prognosis of respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in premature infants within 34 weeks. Methods A total of 86 premature infants with NRDS treated in our hospital from March 2018 to November 2019 were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into control group(43 cases)and observation group(43 cases)according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with Ambroxol, and the observation group was treated with Ambroxol and early NCPAP. The results of blood gas analysis, treatment and complications were compared between the two groups at different time points. Results The blood power of hydrogen (pH) and oxygenation index (OI) in observation group were higher than those in control group, the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), ratio of mechanical ventilation and the total incidence of complications in observation group were lower than those in control group, and the time of oxygen therapy and hospitalization time in observation group were shorter than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Early NCPAP in adjuvant treatment of NRDS has better effect, it can improve blood gas indexes, decrease the ratio of mechanical ventilation, shorten the treatment time of children, reduce the incidence of complications and promotes recovery of premature infants, which is worthy of promotion.