Mahuang Shengma Decoction is found in the Treatise on Febrary-Cold: Differentiation and Treatment of Jueyin Disease Pulse Syndrome,consists of fourteen medicines: ephedra,cimicifuga,chinese angelica,anemone rhizome,skullcap,hanging down in clusters,peony,asparagus,cassia twig,tuckahoe,licorice,gesso,atractylodes rhizome,and dried ginger,and it is one of the most complex formulas of the treatments in the Treatise on Febrary-Cold.The original text states that the symptoms treated by this formula are ＂difficult to treat＂.The authenticity of this formula,the combination and efficacy of the medicines in this formula have always been controversial.This article describes the origin of this formula and summarizes the progress of modern research on Mahuang Shengma Decoction from the interpretation of the text,composition of the formula and differences of analogous formulas.The author believes that this formula is well-mixed,and its pathogenesis is that the epidermal evils are not resolved,the water and blood in the internal position are the same,and the heat burns and injures the fluid,so it have the effect of relieving the epidermis and dispersing the cold,clearing away the heat and relieving the muscle,warming up the middle and resolving the drink,nourishing the blood and removing the paralysis.This formula is compatible with a variety of chronic diseases,and is commonly used in the treatment of bronchopneumonia,bronchodilatation,lung cancer and other respiratory diseases,chronic diarrhea and other digestive,cardiovascular diseases,rheumatism and immunity diseases in modern times.