Objective To explore the effect of Bushen Jianpi Jiangzhuo Decoction combined with Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Injection on renal anemia in hemodialysis patients and its influence on erythropoietin reactivity.Methods A total of 50 maintenance hemodialysis and renal anemia patients admitted to Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital Blood Purification Center from May 2021 to September 2022 were selected as research objects.They were divided into control group (n=25) and observation group (n=25) according to the random number table method,the control group received a subcutaneous injection of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Injection for 8 weeks,while the observation group was treated additionally with Bushen Jianpi Jiangzhuo Decoction on the basis of the treatment of control group.Then respectively compared the red blood cell count (RBC),hemoglobin (HGB)and hematocrit (HCT)of the two groups before treatment,after 4,6,8 weeks' treatment,as well as serum ferritin (SF),transferrin saturation (TSAT) and erythropoietin(EPO) of pre-treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment.Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in EPO and SF between the two groups (P＞0.05).After 8 weeks of treatment,the EPO in the observation group was higher than that in the pre-treatment and control group,and the SF was lower than that before treatment,with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between and within groups in the comparison of TSAT between the two groups before and after treatment (P＞0.05).Overall analysis found that there were statistical significances in RBC,HCT and HGB in comparison between groups,comparison at timepoints and interaction (P＜0.05).RBC,HCT and HGB in the two groups after 4,6 and 8 weeks'treatment were higher than those before treatment,the RBC,HCT and HGB in the observation group after 6 and 8 weeks'treatment were higher than those at 4 weeks after treatment,the RBC,HCT and HGB in the observation group after 8 weeks'treatment were higher than those at 6 weeks after treatment,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Comparison between two groups found that RBC,HCT and HGB in the observation group were higher than those in the control group at 8 weeks after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion For patients with renal anemia on maintenance hemodialysis,Bushen Jianpi Jiangzhuo Decoction combined with Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Injection can improve the level of EPO in the body,reduce the resistance of recombinant human erythropoietin,keep the utilization of stored iron,so as to better correct anemia.