Objective To investigate and analyze the application effect of rigid oxygen permeable contact lens (RGP) in the treatment of children with anisometropic amblyopia. Methods From April 2019 to April 2020, 30 children with anisometropic amblyopia were randomly divided into RGP group (n=15) and conventional group (n=15). The RGP group used RGP for vision correction. The patients in the conventional group wore frame glasses for vision correction. The standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used to evaluate the visual acuity correction before glasses, 1, 6, 12 months after treatment. The visual acuity and therapeutic effect of RGP group and conventional group were recorded and compared before glasses, 1, 6, 12 months after treatment. Results The total effective rate of RGP group was significantly higher than that of conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference of the visual, acuity between the two groups before treatment (P＞0.05), but the visual acuity of the two groups after 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment was lower than before treatment, and the visual acuity of the RGP group after 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment was higher than that of the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with the use of frame glasses, the application of rigid oxygen permeable contact lenses can improve the treatment effect of children with anisometropic amblyopia, improve the visual acuity of children, with good safety, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.