Objective To explore the application effect of continuous quality improvement in vaginal delivery puerpera and its influence on the rate of lateral perineal resection. Methods A total of 1743 vaginal delivery puerperae admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the control group, and 863 vaginal delivery puerperae admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2020 to December 2020 as the observation group. The control group received routine management methods, and the observation group received additional continuous quality improvement management methods based on routine midwifery interventions. The rate of lateral perineal resection during delivery, the rate of perineal wound infection, the rate of adverse neonatal outcomes and the total satisfaction of intervention were compared between the two groups. Results The lateral perineal resection rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of perineal wound infection between the two groups (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse outcomes between the two groups (P＞0.05). The total satisfaction of pregnant women in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion The application of continuous quality improvement nursing management methods during delivery of the puerperae can effectively reduce the rate of lateral perineal resection and the infection of the perineal wound, thereby increasing the satisfaction from puerperae. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.