Objective To explore the intervention effect of evidence-based nursing model on prognosis,pain and physical and mental stress of patients with esophageal cancer during perioperative period.Methods A total of 114 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method,with 57 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were given routine nursing,while patients in the experimental group were given evidence-based nursing model intervention on the basis of routine nursing.The physical and mental stress response,pain degree and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group,and the total incidence of dysphagia,reflux and diarrhea was lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the visual analogue scale(VAS)score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The total incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of evidence-based nursing model intervention in patients with esophageal cancer during perioperative period can successfully improve the pain degree of patients,reduce the physical and mental stress response,and is conducive to the improvement of the clinical prognosis of patients,which is worthy of clinical promotion.