Objective To explore the related factors of relapse of schizophrenia and analyze the effect of targeted nursing measures.Methods A total of 120 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shangrao from January 2016 to January 2021 were selected as research objects.According to whether the patients had relapse or not,they were divided into relapse (60 cases) and non-relapse (60 cases),and the influencing factors of relapse in schizophrenia patients were analyzed.Patients with recurrence were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method,with 30 cases each.The control group took routine nursing,the observation group took targeted nursing,and the readmission rate and satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results The proportion of women,other marital status (unmarried,widowed or divorced),non-adherence to medication,bad habits and age of patients with relapse were higher than those without relapse,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female,unmarried widowed or divorced,non-adherence to medication,bad habits,and high age level were risk factors for relapse of schizophrenia (OR＞1,P＜0.05).The rate of recurrence and readmission in the observation group was lower than that in the control group within 6 and 9 months,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the recurrence and readmission rate between the two groups within 12 months (P＞0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The relapse of schizophrenia patients may be affected by gender,age,marital status,medication compliance,bad habits and so on.Taking targeted nursing is conducive to improve the prognosis of patients and reduce the rate of relapse.